Turkey proposes sweeping anti-LGBTQ+ reforms in controversial judicial overhaul
– 2 min read
The Turkish government has unveiled a sweeping set of proposed legal changes that critics say represent a severe escalation in its crackdown on LGBTQ+ rights, sparking international condemnation and fears of further marginalisation of LGBTQ+ communities.
Part of the country’s 11th Judicial Reform Package, the draft legislation includes a raft of measures targeting same-sex relationships, gender identity expression, and LGBTQ+ representation in media. The proposals, described by human rights groups as “draconian” and “a manifesto of hate,” have been widely criticised for their discriminatory and authoritarian nature.
Among the most controversial elements is a proposed amendment to the Turkish Penal Code that would criminalise any public expression, encouragement, or promotion of behaviours deemed “contrary to biological sex at birth and public morality.” Offenders could face prison sentences of one to three years. Although homosexuality is not illegal in Turkey, same-sex unions are not recognised. Under the new proposals, same-sex couples who hold engagement or wedding ceremonies could face prison terms of up to four years.
The reforms also seek to restrict access to gender-affirming healthcare. The legal age for gender reassignment surgery would be raised from 18 to 25. Individuals would be required to be unmarried, undergo four separate psychological evaluations over nine months, and obtain a court order before proceeding. Healthcare providers who fail to comply could face up to seven years in prison.
In addition, the legislation targets digital and broadcast media, proposing penalties for platforms that feature LGBTQ+ characters or storylines. This follows a pattern of increasing censorship, including the banning of LGBTQ+ films and Pride events in recent years.
The government claims the reforms aim to “protect public morality” and “preserve the family institution,” echoing rhetoric used by other authoritarian regimes such as those in Russia and Hungary. President Recep Tayyip Erdoğan’s administration has increasingly aligned itself with conservative and nationalist ideologies, often using anti-LGBTQ+ sentiment to rally support.
Human rights organisations, including ILGA-Europe and local advocacy groups like KAOS GL, have condemned the proposals, warning they would further endanger LGBTQ+ individuals and violate international human rights obligations.
The proposed laws are expected to be debated in Parliament in the coming weeks.
